Proper financial planning includes understanding the tax treatment of your federal retirement income. Your FERS annuity, Social Security benefits, and TSP withdrawals are all subject to federal income tax and taxed as ordinary income at your applicable tax bracket. Here’s a detailed breakdown of how each is taxed, beginning with your FERS annuity. https://www.federalpensionadvisors.com/post/understanding-taxes-on-fers-annuity